洛陽的導游詞范文（精選8篇）
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇1
朋友們：今天我要帶領大家參觀的是洛陽市一處著名的旅游景點——白馬寺。白馬寺位于今洛陽城東約12公里處，這里北依邙山，南臨洛水，寶塔高聳，殿閣崢嶸，長林古木，肅然幽靜。在它的東面不遠處，蒿榛叢莽的古城垣，依然斷斷續續逶迤在伊洛平原之上，勾勤出一座昔日大國京都的宏偉輪廓。那就是東漢洛陽城的舊址。
白馬寺初創于東漢永平十一年（公元68年），是佛教傳入中國后，由官府正式創建的第一座寺院，是源于南亞次大陸的佛教在遼闊的中華大地賴以繁榮發展的第一座菩提道場，故歷來被佛教界稱為釋源”和祖庭”。釋源”即佛教之發源地，祖庭”即祖師之庭院。它對佛教在中國的傳播和發展，對促進中外思想文化交流和發展各國人民的友誼，是起了重要作用的。1961年，國務院公布白馬寺為第一批全國重點文物保護單位。1983年，國務院又公布白馬寺為全國漢傳佛教重點寺院。前不久，即20xx年6月2日，白馬寺又被國家旅游局定為國家4A級旅游景點。
白馬寺自東漢創建起，到董卓火燒洛陽時第一次被毀，其后興衰毀建，到武則天時，由主持薛懷義大興土木，達到了鼎盛。隨后又毀建不斷，最近一次大規模重修是1972年為迎接柬埔寨西哈努克親王，經周總理批示而進行的。
現存白馬寺坐北朝南，為一長方形的院落，總面積約6萬平方米左右。門前有寬闊的廣場。寺內的主要建筑，都分布在由南向北的中軸線上。前后有五座大殿，依次為天王殿、大佛殿、大雄殿、毗盧閣，東西兩側分別有鐘、鼓樓，齋堂、客堂，禪堂、祖堂，藏經閣、法寶閣等附屬建筑，左右對稱，布局規整。山門前的這兩匹石馬，通高1.8米，身長2.2米，形象溫馴，雕工圓潤。大家可能會問，這兩匹馬是否和白馬寺的創建歷史有關呢？
關于白馬寺的創建，最流行的一種說法即白馬馱經”說。據在關佛籍記載，東漢永平七年的一天晚上，漢明帝劉莊（劉秀之子）夜宿南宮，夢見一個身高丈六，頭頂放光的金人自西方而來，在殿庭飛繞。第二天早上，漢明帝召集大臣，把這個夢告訴給大臣們，博士傅毅啟奏道：臣聽說，西方有神，人們稱其為佛，就像您夢到的那樣。漢明帝聽罷，信以為真，于是就派大臣蔡音、秦景等十余人出使西域拜求佛經、佛法。蔡音等人于公元65年，告別帝都，踏上了西天取經”的萬里征途。在大月氏國（今阿富汗境至中亞一帶），遇到印度高僧攝摩騰、竺法蘭，見到了佛經和釋迦牟尼佛白氈像，誠懇邀請二位高僧東赴中國弘法布教。永平十年（公元67年），二位印度高僧應邀和東漢使者一道，用白馬馱載佛經、佛像同返國都洛陽。漢明帝見到佛經、佛像，十分高興，對二位高僧極為禮重，親自予以接待，并安排他們在當時負責外交事務的官署鴻臚寺暫住。公元68年，漢明帝敕令在洛陽西雍門外三里御道北興建僧院。為紀念白馬馱經之，因此取名白馬寺”。寺”字即源于鴻臚寺之寺”字。再后來寺”字便成了中國寺院的一種泛稱。
說到白馬寺，不少游人都會把它和唐僧取經”的故事聯系在一起。其實從時間上看，白馬寺要比唐僧取經”早560多年。
我們眼前的這兩匹石馬，原是宋代太師太保、右衛將軍、駙馬都尉魏咸信墓前之物，是兩件優秀的宋代石雕作品。1935年前后，主持僧德浩法師重修白馬寺時，將它們遷置于山門前。大家看到的這座山門，為牌坊式歇山頂，建于明代。1987年翻修了頂部，木質匾額上的白馬寺”三字，是中國佛教協會原會長趙樸初先生題寫的。三個門洞，象征著佛教所說的三解脫門”佛教稱之為涅磐之門。三個門洞都是用磚和青石券砌而成的，部分券石上刻有工匠的姓氏名字，從字體上看此種券石應是東漢遺物，是白馬寺內現存最早的文物。
白馬寺山門內西側，有一巨大的半截殘碑，殘高約1.7米，寬1.4米，相傳此碑為宋代翰林學士、著名文人蘇易簡撰，因其碑文不是由上到下一長行通寫到底，而是用短行分成幾排寫出來，別具格式，故稱斷文碑”，為白馬寺六景之一。
山門東側，為元代所遺存的《洛京白馬寺祖庭記》碑，通高3.5米，寬1.15米，碑額洛京白馬寺祖庭記”八字為篆書。此碑立于元代至順四年（公元1333年），由元代華嚴名僧仲華文才撰文，內有上夢金人，自西飛至，身光煒，以遲旦告所夢于臣下”，遣遵偕郎中蔡音、秦景等十八人，西訪至天竺，遇沙門迦攝摩騰、竺法蘭”等句子，碑文稱白馬寺為祖庭”和釋源”，并說釋源居中天，權輿佛法之地”，實為騰、蘭二神僧開教之緒”。仲華文才后來到了佛教四大名山”之一的五臺山，成為五臺山名剎佑國寺的開山第一代主持。這篇碑文，應是他卓錫白馬寺時所撰。碑文楷書，字體瀟灑工整，豐神秀骨，實為不可多得的書法藝術珍品。因此碑不曾留下書丹者姓名，碑文究竟出自誰手，遂成一樁懸案。但字體為趙體”。
前面這座東西對稱的建筑，東側為新建的鐘樓，鐘樓前有民國時期所建的五間門頭堂”；西側為新建的鼓樓，鼓樓前有民國時所建的云水堂”。門頭堂”、云水堂”現已辟為佛教法物流通處和旅游接中心。
在鐘樓以東、鼓樓以西，靠近東西兩側圍墻，分別為攝摩騰、竺法蘭二位印度高僧之墓。二位高僧曾長期禪居白馬寺內譯經傳教，在這里他們共同譯出了中國最早的漢文佛經《四十二章經》。他們先后圓寂于白馬寺，就葬于寺內，現墓前有明代崇禎七年（1634年）所立墓碑，騰蘭墓”也為白馬寺六景之一。
現在我們看到的這座大殿稱為天王殿，是白馬寺內第一重大殿。此殿因殿內供四大天王而得名。迎面而坐的是大肚彌勒佛，他笑容滿面，和藹可親，右手持念珠，左手握布帶，形象生動有趣，為明代造像作品。在中國漢族的佛寺中，第一座大殿通常都供奉彌勒佛。人們進入佛寺中，首先看到這一樂呵呵的形象，會對佛門產生一種親切之感。
佛像上面的這一座大佛龕，共雕有五十多條姿態各異的龍，雕工細膩，是清代上乘的木雕藝術品。
大殿內兩側，分塑四大天王，又叫四大金剛”，分別是東方持國天王，手持琵芭；南方增長天王，右手持傘，左手握妖；西方廣目天王，一手握龍，一手持寶珠；北方多聞天王，手托寶塔。按照中國個習慣，一他們手中所持法器不同，他們分別代表著風”調”雨”順”，四大天王身材魁梧，威風凜凜，是一組清代泥塑作品。
這尊面北站像為韋駝天將，被稱做護法神”，著武將裝，立于彌勒像后，正對釋迦牟尼佛，執行著維護講經道場，不許邪魔侵擾的任務，也是清代泥塑作品。
在天王殿的東西兩側，種植著許多石榴樹。人們說五月石榴紅似火”，但在白馬寺卻恰恰相反，因為這里的石榴顏色是白色的。每至農歷四五月份，樹上開滿了石榴花，晶瑩潔白，如玉似雪，十分好看，真是五月榴花白如雪”。
大佛殿是白馬寺的第二重大殿，大佛殿前東側，立有明代嘉靖三十五年（1556年）黃錦撰文的《重修古剎白馬禪寺記》碑。高3.8米，寬1.03米，這方石碑對研究白馬寺的歷史沿革有重要的參考價值。
大佛殿是寺內主要殿堂，重大的佛事活動，均在這里舉行。今存之大佛殿，是明代重建的，雖經后世重修，單仍不失明代建筑風格。
殿內正中佛壇之上供奉著七尊造像，正中釋迦牟尼佛，結跏趺坐于須彌座上，像高2.4米。
這里的塑像，據說是他最后一次講經說法時的形象，此次講經，他并不講話，叫做不語說法”，只用右手持一朵鮮花，讓眾人猜測，即所謂涅磐會上”捻花示眾”。大佛胸口字符號，表示大佛福德無量”，萬德圓融”，所以身有瑞相，表示吉祥之所集”，武則天定此符號讀音為萬”。
釋迦牟尼的左側，為大弟子摩訶珈葉，在這次不語說法”中，惟有他懂得了佛的真正用意，從而破顏微笑，后來被推為釋迦牟尼的十大弟子之一，中國禪宗推崇他為印度傳承的第一代祖師。
右側站像為大弟子阿難，他博聞強記，被稱為多聞第一”，中國禪宗又推他為在印度傳承佛法的第二代祖師。
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇2
關林位于洛陽市南郊8公里處的關林鎮，鎮因關林而得名。關林是埋葬三國時期蜀將關羽首級的地方。關林始建于明萬歷二十四年（1596年），是一處宮殿式建筑群、古柏成林，隆冢豐碑，氣派巍巍。
關林的主要建筑均在中軸線上，依次為舞樓、大門、儀門、甬道、拜殿、大殿、二殿、三殿、石坊、八角亭，最后為關冢。
大殿始建于明萬歷二十四年（1596年），面闊七間，進深三間，高26米。廡殿頂，琉璃瓦覆蓋，五脊橫立，六獸揚威。正門上，有12幅明代浮雕木刻。說的是桃園三結義，三英戰呂布等故事。
二殿五開間，廡殿式，門上懸掛著"光昭日月"匾額，是清光緒帝御題。殿中塑關羽怒視東吳像，左側站著手棒大印的關平、右側站著手持大刀的周倉。二殿左右各建有一座硬山式的陪殿，左為張候殿，右為五虎殿。三殿硬山式，面闊五間，規模較小，內塑關羽夜讀春秋像、關羽出行圖和睡像，故又稱寢殿。
石坊寬10米，高6米，三門道。正額題"漢壽亭侯墓"五字，坊上題聯甚多，均是歌頌關羽之作，書體皆為明清書法，值得欣賞。
八角亭建于清康熙五年（1666年），構筑奇巧，別具一格。亭內有龜跌座石碑一通，高4.8米，碑頭雕龍，額題"勒封碑記"四字。碑的正面書題"忠義神武靈佑仁勇威顯關圣大帝林"，為歷代帝王對關羽的最高封號。舊時帝王墓稱陵，王侯墓稱冢，百姓墓稱墳，圣人墓稱林。關羽被尊為"武圣"，故其墓稱"關林"。關林俗稱關帝冢。相傳，孫吳殺害關羽之后，怕劉備起兵報仇，遂以木匣盛關羽首級，送往洛陽。企圖嫁禍于曹操。曹操識破其計。刻沉香木為軀，以王侯之禮葬于城南。
關林為省級重點文物保護單位，1980年經整修，設立了"洛陽古代藝術館"，在兩側廊房內陳列洛陽出土的眾多石刻、碑志精品。
關羽被過去歷代王朝尊為"武圣"，是民間信仰者"忠、勇、仁、義"之楷模。關林古廟會已有四百多年歷史，前往關林朝圣之海內外游客絡繹不絕。
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇3
世界文化遺產——龍門石窟，是我國三大佛教石窟藝術寶庫之一。1961年被國務院公布為全國第一批重點文物保護單位；1982年公布為全國重點風景名勝區；20xx年11月聯合國教科文組織將其列入《世界遺產名錄》。
它位于洛陽市南13公里的伊河兩岸，這里兩山對峙，伊水中流，形若門闕，故稱“伊闕”，隋朝始稱龍門。龍門石窟自北魏孝文帝遷都洛陽始鑿（公元493年），歷經400余年的雕刻，現存窟龕2300多個，雕像10萬余尊，碑刻題記30多萬字。兩山窟龕造像以數量之多，規模之大，題材多樣，雕刻精美，蘊涵豐富而蜚聲中外。以北魏和唐代造像達到當時藝術的頂峰及匠心獨具的皇家典范、中原風格而異于早、晚期石窟。以碑刻題記數量為世界石窟之最而被譽為“古碑林”。以造像內容廣涉佛教信仰的眾多宗派甚至包括道教的題材也是石窟藝術中所罕見。龍門石窟以大量的實物形象和文字資料從不同側面反映了中國古代政治、經濟、宗教、文化等許多領域的發展變化，對中國石窟藝術的創新與發展做出了重大貢獻。
龍門石窟，是東方雕刻藝術的瑰寶，以其動人心魄的氣勢、鬼斧神工的造型、充滿智慧的想象、美奐美輪的雕刻藝術，征服了多少游客的心，民族的自豪感與滿足的審美感受，油然而生。是的，來龍門游玩，與其說是視覺的盛宴，不如說是一次心靈的朝拜。充滿靈性的石窟靜躺在古老的河邊和唐朝的天空下，歷史的滄桑凝重與藝術的歷久彌新，讓人感嘆先人的智慧創造的同時，宗教信仰與膜拜情結，也自然流露，難以掩飾……
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洛陽的導游詞范文 篇4
洛陽市位于河南省西部、黃河中游南岸。古時稱水之北為陽，洛陽地處洛水之北，故稱洛陽。洛陽處于北溫帶，屬大陸性氣候，春季干旱，夏熱多雨，秋季溫和，冬季寒冷。年均氣溫14.86℃，年均降水量578.2毫米。 洛陽是我國七大古都之一，馳名中外的歷史文化名城，居“天下之中”，素有“九州腹地”之稱。北臨嵯峨逶迤的邙嶺，南對亙古聳黛的嵩山。
洛陽是中國著名的歷史文化名城和重點旅游城市。城市的興起距今有4千多年的歷史，從公元前21世紀中國第一個王朝----夏朝的建立起，先后有13個朝代在此建都。因這里曾墨客騷人云集，故有“詩都”之稱，牡丹香氣四溢，又有“花都”的美譽。
洛陽市區面積544平方公里，人口100萬，市場容量和發展潛力巨大。是以農業機械、礦山機械制造為主的工業城市。手工藝制品有唐三彩、宮燈、仿青銅制品。 景觀:龍門石窟、白馬寺、關林、古墓博物館、千唐志齋、白云山、老君山、雞冠洞、玄奘故里。
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇5
Located in the West of Henan Province, Luoyang got its name due to itslocation in the adret of the ancient Luoshui River. It is a historic city withmore than three thousand years history. It was the capital city for ninedynasties, including the East Zhou, East Han, Caowei, West Jin, North Wei, Sui,Wuzhou, Late Liang, Late Tang, so it is named as the "Ancient Capital of theNine Dynasties", ranking top one among the seven ancient capitals in China. TheHeluo area with Luoyang as the center is the important origin of the HuaxiaCivilization. The most prosperous period of Luoyang was in t
LuoYang City Instruction
Luoyang is located in the western part of Henan province, stretching acrossthe middle reaches of the Yellow River. It has jurisdiction over 1 city, 8counties and 6 districts with a total area of 15,208 square kilometers including544 square kilometers of urban area. Its population totals 6.24 million of whichover 1.40 million living in urban areas. As a city famous for its splendidhistory and profound culture, Luoyang has become a shining gem in central partof China for its abundant and characteristic modern civilization.----Luoyang hasbeen known as "an ancient capital of nine dynasties ". It is among the firstcities to be declared by the State Council as the ancient capitals and famoushistorical and cultural cities. Starting from the first dynasty of China---Xia,it served as capital for 13 dynasties---Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou,Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, etc. It served as acapital for 1,529 years, and thus of the 7 great ancient capitals in China, itwas the first one to have served as the capital for the most numerous dynastiesand for the longest time. Luoyang is one of the important birthplaces of theChinese civilization. Culture in the Yellow River and the Luo River symbolizedby the Pattern of the Yellow River and the Writing of Luoyang is regarded as akey origin of the ancient Chinese civilization. It was here that Taoisminitiated, Confucianism originated. Buddhism first introduced and Li School--aConfucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties born.Many Chinese descendants found their roots here and cherished a deep love forthe homeland.----Luoyang is one of the top tourist cities in China with itsnumerous cultural relics dotted everywhere, picturesque landscape and nationalflower-Tree Peony. The city has inherited from history such cultural heritagesas ruins of the old capital, temples and stone caves, and tombs and steles. Ithas 10 national sites, 75 provincial sites, and over 571 municipal sites to beprotected as cultural relics with nearly 400,000 items of relics having beenunearthed and kept in museums. The rare ruins of the capitals from the Xia,Shang, Zhou, Han and Wei, Sui and Tang dynasties are named "Assembly of FiveCapitals ". Longmen Grottoes is one of the three great banks of Chinese stonesculptures that is a World Cultural Heritage. The White Horse Temple is thefirst officially built monastery in China after the introduction of Buddhism. Inthe Mangshan Mountain there remains the largest group of ancient tombs in Chinafeatured by royal tombs, which took form since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. To thenorth of Luoyang is the Mother River of the Chinese nation---the Yellow Riverthat together with a tourist resorts around the Xiaolangdi Reservoir andWanshanhu tourist area in Xin'an. To the south are spots of interests such asthe Songshan Mountain which is the central one of
the Five High Mountains of China, a national forest park at the BaiyunMountain, Longyu Bay and Huaguo Mountain, a magically shaped Cockscomb KarstCave, and tourist area around Luhun Reservoir. Known as national beauty andheavenly fragrance, peony has been planted for nearly 1,500 years in Luoyang.Around April every year, the peony comes into full bloom, decorating the urbanareas with flooding colors. Especially the Luoyang Peony Festival to be heldevery year, which has become an occasion that attracts millions of tourists bothat home and abroad. A long history, a brilliant accumulation of culture and avariety of beautiful natural scenery all combine to provide Luoyang withexceptional advantages in tourist business. With rich economic resources, strongsci-tech power and concentration of many large enterprises, Luoyang is one ofthe important quicke industrial cities in mid-west part of China. During thefirst Five-Year Plan period, 7 of the 156 key projects in China were set up hereand nowadays it has developed to a new industrial base with 6 pillar industriesin machinery and electronics, petrochemistry, metallurgy, building materials,textile, and foodstuff. Large-sized enterprise groups appear such as LuoyangPetrochemistry General Factory, the China first Tractor Group, Luoyang BallBearing (Group) Corporation, Luoyang Bronze Processing Factory, Luoyang FloatGlass Group and these enterprises are fairly strong in their competitiveness inboth international and domestic markets in their respective fields. Luoyangenjoys an apparent advantage in science and technology. It seats 14 scientificresearch institutions attached to various ministries of the State, and 18backbone institutions of the province and the city. 1,972 out of every 10,000employees are professionals, which is a proportion above the national average.Many institutions are leading the nation in testing and research, presenting newprojects and products in such high-tech fields as new materials, aviation andaerospace, electronics information, and integration of machinery andelectronics. New & High-tech Industry Development Zone has become a base fortransforming traditional industries with new technology and a window open to theoutside world.----In recent years, Luoyang has grasped the opportunity of westdevelopment and pro-active fiscal policy of the State, deepened the reform andned the development. In 20__, a GNP reached 46.57 billion Yuan and the localrevenue exceeded 2.42 billion Yuan. The rural economy has seen stabledevelopment, the reform of the state-owned enterprises and readjustment ofindustrial structure have been deepened, and rising industries such aspetrochemistry, electrolyzed aluminum, coal and electronic information have beendeveloping rapidly. Focusing on to develop the southern new developing zone, wewill speed up the infrastructure and comprehensive management with contents of "Greenness, brightness, cleanness, prettiness and smoothness ". The urbaninfrastructure and management ability has further improved, as a result of whichin 20__ it has passed appraisai of the country being a Garden and Forest Cityand has been enlisted as Top Tourist City of China. Environment for tourism hasbeen improved greatly. In 20__ the city received 106,000 tourists from abroad,12.31 million tourists at home with total tourism income of 6 billion Yuan. Thestrategy of achieving development through reform has been implemented activelyand friendly ties and exchanges with foreign countries and regions have beenstrengthened. And by the strategy of
rejuvenating Luoyang through science and education, various socialundertakings have been making progress. Social security system has beenperfected, peoples living standard upgraded and buildind of spiritualcivilization and rule of law further promoted.----At present Luoyang is facingfavorable development opportunities and conditions. Completion of several keyprojects such as key water control project at Xiaolangdi, the chemical fiber,laid a solid foundation foundation for city’s development in the new century. Inyears to come, Luoyang will implement the policy to build up our city into astrength city in industry and tourism, further improve strategic readjustment ineconomic structure. Efforts will be made to speed up upgrading and perfection oftraditional industries and growth of rising industries, to actively developnon-state-owned economy and to constantly increase both quality and benefits ofthe economic growth. Given primary construction to high-standard planning andhigh--quality in infrastructure construction, the city will quicken urbandevelopment, further improve its environment quality and cultural connotationand speed up process of urbanization, thus developing tourism as an importantbackbone industry, Construction on culture, democracy and rule of law will beactively enhanced. It is hoped that through endeavors in the 10th Five-Year Planperiod, the goal of developing Luoyang into a modern industrial city equippedwith advanced science and education, and an international city backed by richhistorical culture.----"If you want to know the rises and falls in China, pleasejust look at the city of Luoyang. " We warmly welcome people from all over theworld to come to Luoyang to go on sightseeing and make friends, to search forroots, to build industry and business, to pursue joint development with us, andto reconstruct the splendor of the ancient capital
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇6
“茶葉之都”國際友好城市聯盟洛陽市位于河南省西部，地處東經111°8’——112.59’，北緯33°35' ——35°05'之間，位處亞歐大陸橋東段，橫跨黃河中游南北兩岸，“居天下之中”，素有“九州之腹地”之稱。洛陽轄6個區、1個縣級市、8個縣、:澗西區、西工區、老城區、瀍河回族區、洛龍區、伊濱區、吉利區、偃師市、孟津縣、新安縣、洛寧縣、宜陽縣、伊川縣、嵩縣、欒川縣、汝陽縣。洛陽下轄經濟功能區:伊濱區、洛陽新區(正廳級)、洛陽國家高新技術產業開發區(獨立享有管轄權)、國家洛陽經濟技術開發區。
【歷史沿革】
洛陽，華夏文明發源地之一，中國四大古都之一，世界文化名城，國務院首批歷史文化名城，隋唐大運河中心城市，是中國建都時間最長，建都朝代較多的千年帝都。洛陽是河南省第二大城市，華中區域性中心城市，中原經濟區副中心城市，黃河沿岸中心城市，中國最佳休閑城市，是一座無愧于國色天香之美譽的牡丹花都。洛陽也是中國的老工業基地之一。
洛陽有著數千年文明史、建城史和建都史，中國古代伏羲、女媧、黃帝、唐堯、虞舜、夏禹等神話，多傳于此。從夏朝開始先后有十三個王朝在此定都，有105位帝王在洛陽指點江山。洛陽是我國歷史上唯一被命名為“神都”(神州大地之首都)的城市。是我國建都時間最早，時間最長的城市之一。
洛陽歷史曾用名或別名，斟鄩、西毫、洛邑、洛師、成周、王城、雒陽、中京、伊洛、河洛、河南、洛州、三川。
洛陽，立河洛之間，居天下之中，既稟中原大地敦厚磅礴之氣，也具南國水鄉嫵媚風流之質。開天辟地之后，三皇五帝以來，洛陽以其天地造化之大美，成為天人共羨之神都。洛陽代表最早的中國，也是最本色的中國、最淵深的中國。
洛陽城，北據邙山，南望伊闕，洛水貫其中，東據虎牢關，西控函谷關，四周群山環繞、雄關林立，因而有“八關都邑”、“山河拱戴，形勢甲于天下”之稱;而且雄踞“天下之中”，“東壓江淮，西挾關隴，北通幽燕，南系荊襄”，人稱“八方輻輳”、“九州腹地”、“十省通衢”。所以歷朝歷代均為諸侯群雄逐鹿中原的皇者必爭之地，成為歷史上最重要的政治、經濟、文化中心。
以洛陽為中心的河洛流域地區是中華文明的發祥地之一。中國古代伏羲、女媧、黃帝、堯、舜、禹等大仙居住于此。同時，洛陽也是中國300多年文明的帝都王城，華夏，中華，中土，中原，中州等稱謂均源自于古老的洛陽城和河洛文明。1960年在洛陽偃師“二里頭遺址”的上層發現一處規模宏大的宮殿基址。
洛陽共經歷十三個建都朝代，累計建都史達千余年。洛陽在歷史上曾長期作為我國的政治、經濟、文化中心而存在，東漢光武中興、明章之治、西晉太康之治、北魏孝文改制、武周遺風在這里上演，歷代帝王貴胄、文人騷客等均對洛陽的都城地位有著極高評價。周公曰“此天下之中，四方入貢，道里均焉”;漢高祖曰“吾行天下多矣，唯見洛陽”;班固曰“光漢京于諸夏，總八方而為之極”;北魏孝文帝曰“崤函帝宅，河洛王里”;唐太宗曰“崤函稱地險，襟帶壯兩京”;唐玄宗曰“三秦九洛，咸曰帝京”;韋應物說“雄都定鼎地，勢據萬國尊”;宋太祖曰“吾欲遷洛，以據山河之險而去冗兵，循周漢故事以安天下也”;司馬光曰“欲知古今興廢事，請君只看洛陽城”……
洛陽是中華文化的讀本和華夏文化從萌芽、成長走向繁榮、壯大的中心和象征。據考證，中國佛教首傳于洛陽白馬寺。以洛陽學子讀書音確定的中原雅音是古代河南的標準話。洛陽是中華姓氏主根、閩南、客家之根。中華民族最早的歷史文獻“河圖洛書”出自洛陽。被奉為“人文之祖”的伏羲氏，根據河圖和洛書畫成了八卦和九疇。從此，湯、武定九鼎于河洛，周公“制禮作樂”，老子著述文章，孔子入周問禮，洛陽歷代科學泰斗、學術流派、鴻生巨儒、翰墨精英，更是照耀史冊，燦若繁星。中國傳統文化儒、佛、道的產生和發展與洛陽密切相關，中國四大發明與洛陽息息相聯。伏羲，作為人文始祖，發現了“河圖”與“洛書”，發明了“八卦”，成為中華民族的瑰寶，老子著有《道德經》，蘇秦佩六國相印，縱橫游說于六國之間，才子賈誼博懷濟世文章，班超出使西域，班固修《漢書》，許慎著《說文解字》，司馬光編修《資治通鑒》，張衡發明渾天儀、地動儀，蔡倫發明造紙術，虞初的《周說》，陳壽的《三國志》，歐陽修的《新唐書》、《新五代史》等，無一不是在洛陽這塊沃土上完成的。程頤、程顥兄弟開創宋代理學，著名的“建安七子”、“竹林七賢”，“金谷二十四友”等云集此地，譜寫華彩篇章，左思一篇《三都賦》，曾使“洛陽紙貴”，“洛陽才子”，“漢魏文章半洛陽”。張衡發明地動儀，蔡倫造紙，馬鈞發明翻車……以洛陽為中心的河洛文化和河洛文明，是中華民族文化的核心和源頭，構成了華夏文明的重要組成部分。
1912年，民國建立，廢河南府，設河洛道，道尹公署駐洛陽，轄洛陽、偃師等19縣。
1923年，河南省長公署遷于洛陽，洛陽成為河南省會。
1932年，日軍進攻上海，國民政府定洛陽為行都，并一度遷洛辦公。
1938年6月，華北大部分地區淪陷，洛陽成為北方抗日前哨，國民政府第一戰區長官司令部駐洛陽。
1939年秋，河南省政府再次遷洛，洛陽第二次成為河南省會。
1948年，洛陽解放，析洛陽縣城區置市。洛陽市人民民主政府成立。
1949年12月，洛陽市人民民主政府改稱洛陽市人民政府。
1954年，洛陽市升格為河南省直轄市。
1955年，洛陽縣撤銷，一部分并入洛陽市，其余部分劃入偃師、孟津等縣。
1956年，建成洛陽市老城區、西工區和郊區，次年成立瀍河區。
1982年，經國務院批準，新成立吉利區。
1983年，新安、孟津、偃師改隸洛陽市，洛陽所轄登封市劃歸鄭州市管轄。
1986年，洛陽地區撤銷，洛寧、宜陽、嵩縣、欒川、汝陽、伊川改屬洛陽市。
1993年，偃師縣改為偃師市。
20__年6月，經國務院批準，洛陽郊區更名為洛龍區。
洛陽附近的各縣中，跟洛陽歷史聯系最密切的是偃師、孟津、鞏義、登封。其中偃師、孟津從周朝以來三千年如一日，從未改變。其次是鞏義，從周朝一直到新中國，也有三千多年。再次是登封，從三國時期到新中國，有1700多年。
【東洛陽西羅馬】
洛陽是和羅馬并稱的世界兩大古都，有著東洛陽西羅馬之說。羅馬帝國時期正是我國的東漢時期，東漢首都洛陽。當時洛陽和羅馬同是世界上最強大國家的兩個首都。東漢皇帝派大臣班超出使西域，打通了荒廢已久的絲綢之路，首次將絲綢之路延伸打通到了歐洲延伸到了羅馬。而羅馬亦派使臣順著絲綢之路歷史上首次來到了中國，并在東漢京師洛陽覲見了大漢皇帝。洛陽因此成為了絲綢之路的東方起點。這也是我國歷史上首次和羅馬交往，所以一直有“東洛陽西羅馬”的說法。
20__年世界郵展在洛陽舉行。期間，大遺址保護洛陽高峰論壇開幕，與此同時，秦漢-羅馬文明展也在洛陽拉開帷幕，無數的羅馬稀世珍寶不遠萬里運到洛陽，在為期幾天的展覽中，讓參觀者大飽眼福，嘆為觀止，再一次將昔日世界的兩大都市連結起來，續寫了西羅馬東洛陽的輝煌篇章!
【絲綢之路起點】
東漢時，漢明帝派遣使臣班超出使西域，打通了荒廢已久的絲綢之路，且首次將絲綢之路延伸打通到了歐洲，到了當時的羅馬帝國。這是現在完整的絲綢之路的路線，即從東漢時洛陽出發，最西端到達當時的歐洲羅馬帝國。羅馬帝國也首次派遣使臣順著班超打通的絲綢之路來到東漢，在京師洛陽覲見了大漢皇帝。這是歷史上羅馬和中國的首次交往。加上羅馬帝國的時期和我國的東漢時期剛好在時間上的吻合:東漢(25-220)與西羅馬帝國(前30-476)，所以一直以來都有東洛陽西羅馬之說，這是歷史上分別代表東西方的兩大帝國首都。而絲綢之路首次將羅馬帝國和中國連結在了一起。 東漢之后，魏晉及隋唐時期，洛陽都是東西方絲綢之路貿易的起點，這個跨度之大，時間之久，意義之大，無與倫比! 國學大師、已逝北京大學教授季羨林先生說:“我不止一次的說，絲綢之路應以洛陽為起點。這是個不刊之論。”
【對日本重大影響】
京都是仿照唐朝時的東西兩京洛陽和長安而建，分為左右兩大片區，一片叫做長安，一片叫做洛陽，后來由于長安片區一蹶不振，而洛陽片區繁榮似錦，所以后來整個京都都叫洛陽。現在京都有幾大區，分別為:洛中、洛東、洛北、洛西等。學校、醫院、會社、企業等機構都多以洛陽為前綴。古時候去京都，都叫做上洛或進洛等。這是我國古都對日本產生影響的體現和結果，也是我國對外國城市命名產生的重大影響!
【牡丹花】
洛陽牡丹始于隋，盛于唐，甲天下于宋。 “天下名園重洛陽”，“洛陽牡丹甲天下”，“洛陽地脈花最宜，牡丹尤為天下奇”，“唯有牡丹真國色，花開時節動京。牡丹是我國傳統名花，花蕾碩大，色澤艷麗，國色天香，自古就有富貴吉祥、繁榮昌盛的寓意，代表著中華民族泱泱大國之風范,。
牡丹從隋代落戶洛陽西苑后，地脈適宜，開得繽紛美麗、艷冠天下。
唐代洛陽是陪都，武則天當皇帝時就在洛陽登基，并在洛陽主持政務。“自唐武則天后，洛陽牡丹始盛。” (宋·歐陽修《洛陽牡丹記》)。從武則天時期到開元年間(公元690年至公元741年)，還有唐貞元、元和年間(公元785年至公元820年)，是中國牡丹史上一個黃金時代，奠定了中國牡丹發展和牡丹文化興盛的堅實基礎。
洛陽市氣候概況
洛陽地理條件優越。它位于暖溫帶南緣向北亞熱帶過渡地帶，屬暖溫帶大陸性季風氣候和亞熱帶季風氣候，四季分明，氣候宜人。年平均氣溫約15℃，極端最高氣溫40.4℃，極端最低氣溫-20.2℃。降雨量約630毫米，其中南部山區能達到1200毫米以上。東鄰鄭州，西接三門峽， 北跨黃河與焦作接壤，南與平頂山、南陽相連。東西長約179公里，南北寬約168公里。洛陽地勢西高東低。境內山川丘陵交錯，地形錯綜復雜，其中山區45.51%，丘陵40.73%，平原占13.8%，周圍有郁山、邙山、青要山、荊紫山、周山、櫻山、龍門山、香山、萬安山、首陽山、黛眉山、嵩山等十多座山脈;境內河渠密布，分屬黃河、淮河、長江三大水系，黃河、洛河、伊河、清河、磁河、鐵灤河、澗河、瀍河等10余條河流蜿蜒其間，有“四面環山六水并流、八關都邑、十省通衢”之稱。由于洛陽地處中原，山川縱橫，西依秦嶺，出函谷是關中秦川;東臨嵩岳;北靠太行且有黃河之險;南望伏牛，有宛葉之饒，所以“河山拱戴，形勢甲于天下”。
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇7
Chuzhou
I am living there from my birth. Chuzhou is in the province of Anhui.Compared with Nanjing, it is small but beantiful,which is located in the easternSu Wan border region. Chuzhou is an ancient city with a long history. Built in589AD, numerous changes have taken place in Chuzhou through its vast history.Yet, in spite of repeated devastation, the city is still seated exactly on theoriginal site ,which is indeed an instance rarely found in the world. The uniquecharacteristics of the past are still retained in present-day Chuzhou. In thecourse of the history of China, it has been a metropolis of industry andcommerce in the north-eastern Anhui. Chuzhou is conveniently located on theJinghu Railway linking Shanghai and Beijing, to both of which there is 2- hourlyrailway service. Chuzhou South Railway Station is among the busiest passengerstations in China, having more than40 trains stopping daily. T-Trains only take20 minutes to Nanjing and an hour and half to Shanghai. Chuzhou is located inwater net, street according to river and then set up, the land-and-waterproceeds together; you can find the special appearance of the small bridges,flowing water, the old-fashioned houses, the beautiful lakes with undulatinghills. There is little pollution. Air is fresh and street is clean. Chuzhou isfamous as a scenic tourist city.
Langya Mountain contributes to the province's great scenery, as thenational key scenic area, national forest parkZuiweng Pavilion for the four mostfamous pavilions was built in the northern Song Dynasty periods ,one of theeight people by the Tng and Song Dynasty named Ouyang xiu and from the zuiwengpavilion. Langya is famous for its mountains, Ouyang xiu all by zuiwengpavilion, as well as the Song Dynasty in the writing of masterpiece the zuiwengpavilio Come on! I urge you to dig a little deeper, and experience classicChuzhou. I believe the city’s fantastic features and classic lifestyle isunmatched in China. It is worth visiting and experiencing. I wish you can choosethe city as your vacation destination.
洛陽的導游詞范文 篇8
located in the west of henan province in central china, luoyang occupiesquite an important geographic location. it is in the middle reaches of theyellow river and is encircled by mountains and plains. to its east and west arethe hu lao pass and han gu pass which were essential domestic transportationjunctions in ancient times. to its north, mengjin county was an important ferrycrossing of the yellow river. thus, luoyang was selected as the capital city by13 dynasties starting from the xia dynasty (21st-16th century bc) in the 21stcentury bc. in the period following the han dynasty (206bc-220), andparticularly during the sui (581-618) and tand (618-907) dynasties, the cityexperienced a period of growth and prosperity and ranked as one of theinternational metropolitans of the time.
its long history endows luoyang with a profound sense of culture. the cityis the cradle of chinese civilization where many chinese legends happened, suchas nvwa patching the sky, dayu controlling flood and the chinese ancestorhuangdi establishing the nation. the city is also famed as the 'poets capital'as poets and literates of ancient china often gathered there and left grandworks, including 'book of wisdom' ('daode jing'), 'han history' ('han shu') and'administrative theory of admonishing official' ('zi zhi tong jian'). religiousculture once thrived here. taoism originated there and the first buddhist templeset up by the government was located there. luoyang is also the hometown of manyof the scientific inventions of ancient china, such as the seismograph,armillary sphere, paper making, printing and the compass.
luoyang has rich historical and cultural sites. the longmen grottoes areone of china's three most precious treasure houses of stone sculptures andinscriptions. the white horse temple is the first buddhist temple and is honoredas the 'cradle of buddhism in china'. mt. mangshan is where ancient tombs ofemperors, nobles and literates in the past dynasties collected. the luoyangancient tombs museum is the world's first example of the kind and presentsthousands of treasures discovered in the tombs. shaolin temple is the place oforigin for chinese zen buddhism and the cradle of chinese martial art.landscapes in luoyang hold the same attraction as the cultural sites. whitecloud mountain, funiu mountain, long yu wan national forest park, ji guanlimestone cave and the yellow river xiaolangdi scenic area are all worth avisit. additionally, luoyang is particularly well known for its peonies. everyyear in april, the flowers blossom and attract tourists from all over the world.dining in luoyang is quite an enjoyable experience. various kinds of localdishes, including water feast, yan cai and others which use the famous yellowriver carps as an ingredient, together with the uniquely flavored soups, willgreatly satisfy your taste buds. luoyang's local specialties such as palacelanterns, bronze vessels and tri-colored glazed potteries will no doubt delightyour eyes and offer you ideal souvenirs. being a modern city as well, luoyanghas hotels of all standards which provide you quite a broad choice for yourstay. most of the hotels have reasonable room prices and perfect services.
transportation is well developed in luoyang. beijiao airport has manydomestic flights extending to many large cities in other provinces. it's alsovery easy to get to luoyang by train because one of china's most importantrailway lines long hai railway traverses the city and connects most cities ineast, west and central china. the convenient city buses and taxies can carry youaround the city. near the railway station, special tourist buses can take you tothe tourist spots in the suburban areas of the city.
luoyang, a charming city filled with the fragrance of peonies and theprimitive atmosphere of ancient civilization, is waiting and welcoming guestsfrom all over the world. putting the city into the list of your exploration inchina, you will get far more than what you expect.
the longmen grottos
the longmen grottos are on the yihe river bank, some 12 kilometers fromancient luoyang city, about 30 minutes' drive. it is one of the three mostimportant buddhist sculptures and carvings in china. the longmen grottos enjoy agood location where two mountains confront each other between which flows theyihe river.
the grotto was first carved in north wei dynasty, over 1500 years ago andexpanded through the succeeding east and west wei dynasties, north qi dynasty,north zhou dynasty, sui and tang dynasties and was finally completed in northsong dynasty. over 500 years' renovation and expansion have created theprestigious world cultural site. the most significant chiseling activitieshappened in the tang and north wei dynasties, which lasted over 150 years.
spanning a length of around 1 kilometer on the hillside along the yiheriver, the niches resemble dozens of honeycombs dotting the area. there areabout 2.100 grottoes and niches, over 40 crematory urns, 3,600 inscribed stonetablets and over 100,000 buddhist images and statues. the largest one is 17meters high while the smallest is a tiny as 2 cm. one third of the complex areworks of the north wei dynasty. these masterpieces are the binyang cave, andlianhua( lotus cave). the impressive qianxi temple, fengxian temple, wanfo cave(ten thousand buddhist cave) are the highlights of the tang dynast's carvings.the longmen grottos are of great value in world sculpture history and it hasbeen listed in the world cultural heritage site by the unesco. to protect such avaluable heritage site, the chinese government as well as some influential worldcultural organizations are trying hard to share this site with the whole word. alarge-scaled renovation was undertaken in __ to keep the grottos in goodcondition.
white horse temple
located at the 12 kilometers east of luoyang city, the white horse templeis one of the oldest buddhist temples in china and is renowned as the cradle ofchinese buddhism. although it is not the largest nor the most beautiful buddhismmonument in china, this temple with its large number of buddhism items housedthere, is well worth a trip.
an interesting legend related to the temple goes that a white horse carriedthe first buddhist script from india here in ancient time hence the name whitehorse temple. history records that the site was original the place used by thesecond han emperor-liu zhuang as a summer resort and for study. in 68 ad, whenbuddhism reached its heyday in india, two indian monks brought buddhistscriptures to luoyang on the back of a white horse. the emperor, who was adevout buddhism believer, built the temple to house the scriptures and named itwhite horse temple. it was said that there were once thousands of monks livingin the temple. it was even used as a refugee sanctuary during the social turmoilof wang mang in the eastern han dynasty.
the two monks who brought scriptures from india were buried here. manymonks from outside china have visited the monk and many of them have spent therest of their time in that temple. the famous tang dynasty monk-xuanzang startedhis 17 years long pilgrimage trip to indian from the temple. after returning,xuanzhang became the abbot of the white horse temple, where he disseminated thescriptures of buddhism for the rest of his life.
guanlin temple
at the end of guanlin nan lu, guanlin temple was built to commemorate thegreat general guanyu of the state of shu during the three kingdoms period. inthe romance of three kingdoms, the shu general guanyu was defeated, captured andexecuted by sunquan, the ruler of the state of wu. fearing revenge from guanyu’sblood brother liubei who was the ruler of the state of shu, sunquan ordered tosend guanyu’s head to caocao-ruler of wei in an attempt to deflect theresponsibility for the death. caocao, however, was an admirer of guan's loyaltyand bravery. he ordered a wooden body be carved to accompany the head beforeguanyu was buried.
very little is known about when the temple was first built. the complex wasdeveloped during the ming dynasty and was underwent several renovation andexpansion during the succeeding qing dynasty. it's now comprised of halls,temples, pavilions and guan's tomb. some valuable stone tablets with elegantcalligraphies are also found here. the place is very popular among the localswho worship the valorous general by burning sticks of incense.
museum of ancient tombs
an interesting old saying goes that suzhou and hangzhou are good places tolive, while luoyang is a good place to die. many of the ancient emperors,princes, generals and other public celebrities took this advice and left ordersthat they were to be buried in luoyang after their death. there are over 20ancient tombs dating from the han dynasty to the north song dynasty. a museumwas built at the site where many ancient tombs were excavated.
the museum is at the mang hill in the north suburb of the city, about 8kilometers from the city center. covering an area of around 3 hectare, it hastwo parts: the underground and above ground parts. the above ground partcontains a han-style gate, some halls. tomb models from the stone age to the handynasty, restored funerary objects and funeral rituals are displayed in theeastern hall.
the underground section is a tomb groups site which is about 7 metersunderground. there are north and south song dynasties hall, wei and jindynasties hall, tang and song dynasties hall and a hall for refined itemsexcavated from the tombs. many of the vividly painted murals, valuable relicsand a number of pottery figures are on display here. visitors can also find themodels of ancient tombs. 22 ancient tombs restored to their original styles aredisplayed here.
luoyang museum
luoyang served as the capitals for a long period of time. history has leftthe place a large number of historical rare relics. many of these rarely seemitems can be found at the luoyang museum. the museum is located at the citycenter, very easy to find.
the museum's exhibition center displays refined ancient items includingbronze wares, ceramics, gold and silver artifacts and jade. these exhibitionsoffer a good illustration of the city's grand past.
luoyang peony
luoyang is renowned as: the city of peony. the city has long been famousfor its beautiful peony flowers. peony, has been called the king of flowers forits gorgeous charm and unbelievably beauty. the flower has been a symbol ofgrace in china. ancient chinese poets once compared peony with the beautiful andelegant ladies and thought the two were equally pleasant to the eye.
luoyang has a long history of planting peony. peony growing began toprevail in the region in the ancient sui dynasty, over one thousand years ago.in the tang dynasty, many famous gardens for peony were built and peony wasplanted on a massive scale. luoyang became the country's peony cultivation andtrade center in the song dynasty. luoyang peony is international famous for thepeony. luoyang's unique climate is well suited to its peony growing culture.luoyang is located in the temperate zone with favorable and humid climate allyear around.
luoyang peony is well-known for its big flowers and many varieties. eachyear, in late spring when the peonies are in full blossom, thousands of visitorsswarm to the city to enjoy the stunningly beautiful flowers. the internationalpeony festival held here annually adds even more fame to luoyang's peony.